Point of view:
Mahinda Rajapaksa may not be a visionary, but respect him as the Sri
Lankan President
by Aditi Phadnis
Politics in Sri Lanka is a dance of seven veils. You have to peel
them away to see the dancer (Tamil/Muslim/Sinhalese) and see what he's
actually doing.
And guess what? It's showtime again! The ideologue of the Liberation
Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), Anton Balasingham, has "apologised" for
the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi, though his colleague Daya Master, who
is running the war on the ground, has denied it is an apology, and said
that it is only a "monumental tragedy".
Why has the LTTE chosen this moment in time to repeat a version of
the statement it made in the 1990s? Clearly, to make the most of the
international condemnation the Sri Lankan state has attracted by the
actions of the Sri Lankan Navy in Mannar last week (a grenade was lobbed
in a church in Pesalai where civilians had huddled together). The
independent Sri Lanka Monitoring Mission (SLMM) as well as human rights
bodies including those constituted by the government itself, have blamed
the Sri Lankan Navy. An enquiry was ordered that is headed by a Major
General of the army, so we all know where that's headed.
This incident was followed by the revenge assassination of the number
3 in the Sri Lankan Army, Gen P Kulatunga, in Colombo. A spate of other
high profile killings - including an attack on Chief of Army Staff Gen
Sarath Fonseka two weeks ago - is the surest indication that a war in
Sri Lanka that had been dormant is about to break out in all its bloody
splendour.
Fighting his own war
At the heart of all this activity is the President of Sri Lanka,
Mahinda Rajapaksa, who is fighting his own little war - for the control
of his party, against the LTTE and, much more covertly, against India.
Rajapaksa has been described as a hardline anti-federalist who would
be more comfortable establishing Sinhala suzerainty over the
Tamil-dominated north and north-eastern Sri Lanka than granting the
Tamils a devolution package.
On direction from Rajapaksa, his party, the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP),
has just amended the party constitution to make him the president of the
government as well as the party, something that hasn't happened in the
60 years of the history of the SLFP.
You could argue that a man so obsessed with centralisation of power
would be loath to give the Tamils or the Muslims any meaningful rights
to govern themselves. Exactly, cry the LTTE-minded opinion makers.
Hence, the hard work to soften up Indian policymakers through seemingly
unqualified apologies, the tearful pleas to prevent "genocide of Tamils"
through Indian intervention, the command performances by political
actors in Tamil Nadu who ask why India has given surveillance equipment
to the Sri Lankan security forces.
But start peeling away the veils and things will begin to reveal
themselves. True, Rajapaksa is a unitarian by instinct, which is why he
rejected the call for Eelam when he launched his presidential campaign.
But if you wanted to become president of Sri Lanka, would you consent
to seeing the division of the country on your watch? Rajapaksa's friends
say they were alarmed last week when he called some of them to sketch
out what-if scenarios if he were to reverse the 13th amendment to the
Sri Lankan constitution (as part of the Indo-Sri Lanka accord, it
envisages the merger of the north and the east, marking the first step
towards a Tamil homeland).
This is easier said than done. A devolution package for the north and
east is in the works, top government officials say. But in a country
where nothing is what it appears to be, this might have been a red
herring.
A red herring, but to what end? The fact is, to ensure he continues
as president, Rajapaksa had to do a deal with the devil.
The ultranationalist Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP) and the Buddhist
nationalist Jathika Hela Urumaya (JHU) are continually pressing the
President to take steps to militarily crush the LTTE, lately after the
killing of 64 Sinhalese villagers in a mine blast near the town of
Kebitigollewa on June 15. Under the circumstances, Rajapaksa would be
curbing his natural instincts if he were not Sinhala-minded. But Sinhala
chauvinist, he is not.
His background
Consider his background. He is a practising Buddhist from the south,
Hambantota, supporting left of centre politics. He became an MP at 24
because of the support of fishermen and peasants and, since then, has
been nurturing that constituency. You might have had Sri Lanka's version
of pseudo-secularism if England-educated party colleague and former
Foreign Minister Lakshman Kadirgamar had not been assassinated - he was
a Tamil who was a firm believer in polyethnic identities. But nature and
the LTTE dealt a hand.
How should we in India view Rajapaksa and the way things are
unfolding? India initially supported Rajapaksa but upon his making
undesirable affiliations, dropped him in the last month of his campaign.
By implication, opposition candidate Ranil Wickremesinghe became New
Delhi's candidate.
Neither Sri Lankan was particularly happy at this. Last week, Prime
Minister Manmohan Singh advised Sri Lanka to implement a devolution
package.
The implied criticism has made the Sri Lankans bristle. There are
reports that Indian covert agencies are training cadres in the east that
belong to LTTE rivals. So the spooks are back in business as well.
For years Indian policy was to treat Jaffna as the capital of Sri
Lanka. It is not. Colombo is. Dealing with Sri Lanka's elected President
Mahinda Rajapaksa, no matter how distasteful his ethnic politics or how
limited his vision, is the only way to respect India's tiny, voluble,
fractious neighbour. |