How to make wise colour decisions

by Tissa Hewavitharane

I certainly do not suppose it is possible to cover the scope of colour in a single article or even in a one thousand page book. What I intend to do is to share some ideas that will provide a foundation on which you can build a more rational, as well as expressive, approach to making colour decisions.

At the most basic Level, colour is not complicated. Two colours are placed side by side in a painting. You have the choice of either making them different in a limited number of ways, or keeping them similar. There are certainly times when one choice is better than the other. Poor colour relationships happen when the artist does not consider the choices. Unfortunate are the painters who paint exclusively in local colour.

They see the sky as blue, the grass as green, the house as white and the farm as led. I use the word ‘see’ incorrectly for they don't see anything. Rather they go to their memory bank of colour generalisation and select a colour that was stored away as toddlers.

Old habits

It's hard to break old habits. To improve your ability to see colours correctly, never begin by asking the question, ‘what colour is it’ The answer will be one-word generalisation too narrow scope to be of any value. First determine what value it is somewhere between white and black. Then decide what temperature it is warm or cool. Next ask what the intensity is somewhere on the scale from pase, intensive colour to neutral grey.

Having once, with sensitivity and intelligence, identify the colour of a shape and place it on the paper, a series of decisions is set in motion.

You will want to place a colour next to the first which will enhance both. Keep in mind that contrasts are complementary. As dark values make an ajacent light appear lighter, so also a warm elements its opposite. Your choices are limited to value, intensity, temperature or various changes.

An arrangement of shapes is essential to a great painting. Once you have designed these shapes and drawn them on the page, the next requirement is that you make them visible. One approach to making the shapes and patterns of our painting visibly clear is separating them by value contrast. When you do so, colour takes of secondary role. You need only identify what value to make a shape. Forget the local colour and establish the value contrasts that will make the shapes and composition clear.

Nature's colours

It isn't necessary to use colour to paint, we compose with graphite all the time. Since nature's colours tend to be warm and neutral, the palletle is effective. It would not work if the goal was to express the brilliant colours of a flower market. Value painters paint and observe with their eyes squinted. They can generally be recognised by the presence of crow's feet extending back to their ears. The impact of value painter's work is in the contrast of values and texture. The best of the value painters do not pretend to be colourises. They avoid strong colour that compromises the effect of value contrast. A declaration of intert is important to your artistic development.

Categories

Watercolours generally fall into two categories glazers and mingles. Glazers work in sequential layers of pigments. This can be done in using a-wet over-dry technique or dry-over-wet technique. Mingles are generally less patient and prefer to mingle pigments or change colours along a wet edge.

Many of the colours achieved in our paintings are the result of not pigments used, but also when and how they're applied. The painting shown here is based on applying several colours. The whole painting process is an organised series of decisions about the next move. This keeps the painting alive. Observe the painting the eye is always drawn to the human figure. On the right are men seated playing chess. The centre of the interest shows a woman fishmonger with a basket on her head carrying fish. The entrance to the painting is at the bottom. The eye travels to the foreground objects which are the nuts and the coconut trees and into the main part of the painting travels around from object to object. In a landscape the eye is always drawn to human figures. The two men seated at the corner of the hut playing a game from the anchoring point for the whole composition. The technical richness of this medium is such that one of the most interesting techniques that it has is precisely the opening up of white spaces. Notice the white spaces left on the trunk of the coconut tree, the woman's jacket and the sky. To give more life to the painting. I have introduced few birds picking up food. You will observe this entire painting is done by brush without using the pencil.

This needs lot of experience, patient and hard work, and concentrating of mind where to put the correct colours at the correct time. Keeping this balance of constant practice within a framework of understanding is the key success to a brilliant painting.