Millions lack shelter after Pakistan floods
KARACHI, Aug 21, AFP With entire towns and villages swallowed up by
Pakistan's devastating floods, experts say it could take years to solve
a shelter crisis now facing up to six million people camped out under
open skies.
The catastrophic floods swamped a fifth of Pakistan area the size of
England and affected 20 million people in the country's worst ever
natural disaster with untold economic, social and political
repercussions.
"It is a huge task. It is large-scale devastation, which needs huge
money and time to rebuild.... The scenario is bleak and our politicians
don't realise the gravity of the situation," independent economist A.B.
Shahid told AFP.
"We need at least three billion dollars just to rebuild huts and
houses," Shahid said.
"And not less than seven billion dollars more to restore destroyed
infrastructure, to build roads, bridges, canals and government offices."
The United Nations said on Saturday it had increased its estimate of the
number of people without shelter to six million and it has tripled to
six million its target for assistance in the form of tents and plastic
sheeting.
Few words can express the misery.
"Everything has been wasted. Nothing is left," said Qasim Bhayyo, 45,
a refugee from Qayyas Bhayyo village in one of the worst-hit parts of
the southern province of Sindh, formerly known for rice crops and fish
farms.
"I saw my house of wood and mud washed away. I saw grain and flour.
We stockpiled food for months. It was all destroyed. We had no way to
save our goats and buffaloes stranded in the water and crying," Bhayyo
said.
The Asian Development Bank said it would provide two billion dollars
to repair roads, bridges, power lines, homes, schools, medical
facilities and farm structures, and the World Bank has promised to lend
900 million dollars.
The floods have washed away landmarks and official records, making it
even more difficult for authorities and the owners to judge the
location, length and breadth of plots and houses.
"Landmarks have gone, government buildings and streets and roads have
vanished... nothing is left in many towns and villages, which will
worsen the situation even more and eventually delay reconstruction,"
Shahid said.
The United Nations believes hundreds of thousands of people are still
on the move. Not all the 4.6 million can be considered technically
"homeless" because they may find homes to return to when the flood
waters recede.
But Tasneem Siddiqui, a housing consultant and former head of Sindh
housing schemes, fears that red-tape, inefficiency, an unpopular
administration and corrupt politicians could put rehabilitation back by
years.
"The fact is our government is inactive and our bureaucracy
disorganised. They shouldn't take on the entire process of
rehabilitation.
Instead clear the flooded areas and involve communities in
self-help," Siddiqui told AFP.
He is optimistic that the number of houses completely destroyed could
be fewer than many fear.
"The correct situation will only become apparent when a survey is
conducted after the waters recede," he told AFP3.
Instead of dolling out compensation to build homes, the government
would do better to kickstart the process by giving farmers free
fertilisers and seeds, by providing interest-free crop loans and
improving the drainage system.
"Once they are economically rehabilitated, Pakistan's rural people
can help each other in building their homes. Even 500 dollars per family
could help them reconstruct their home by themselves."
Anwer Rashid, a director at the Orangi Pilot Project, which provides
low-cost sanitation, health, housing and microfinance in impoverished
areas, said it plans to build 5,000 low-cost houses for flood-affected
people.
"We estimate 19,000 rupees (220 dollars) are required to construct
one shanty house. We're busy generating money to provide as many houses
to people as we can," Rashid said.
But that is little comfort for Ali Murad, 25, a teacher from Thul
town in northern Sindh. He and his family lost their concrete home.
"We sat on the roof until the navy saved us. When we were leaving, I
saw the water had reached the roof.
"We have no money and no resources to build again. It's going to take
a long time to regain what I had. I don't even know when it'll happen,"
he said. |