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Use of 'No, none' and 'any'

No

'No' is used to give a negative response.

Can you dance?


We bought some apples but none of them were good.

No, I can't.

Let's have a drink.

No, thanks.

No dogs are allowed.

The doctor said, "There's no hope."

Are you angry with me?

No, not at all.

Shall we play on the road?

No, it's dangerous.

. 'No' is used to acknowledge a negative statement.

You don't eat pork, do you?

No, I don't.

. 'No' can be used to express shock or disappointment.

I have failed the exam.

Oh, no!

. 'No' is used to announce a prohibition.


Let’s have a drink.No, thanks.

No spitting.

No smoking.

. 'No' can be used to emphasize that something does not exist or not available.

She made no effort to learn English.

There are no plantains in the market.

. 'No' is used to pass a judgement about somebody.

He is no great pianist.

She is no baby to believe everything we say.

Not noun phrase is very common in English.

There is no need to cry.

There is no reason why I should lend you Rs. 1,000.

Where is the Majestic City?

I have no idea.

There's no time to waste.

There's no evidence to prove his guilt.

. 'No' can be used in set phrases

It's no good criticizing your superiors.

There's no point punishing him.

You can learn typing in no time. (=quickly)

No wonder you failed the exam. (=it is not surprising)

None

'None' is a negative word.

How much money have you got?

None.

How many pens have you got?

None.

We bought some apples but none of them were good.

The trip had to be cancelled because none of the teachers came.

Any

'Any' indicates an indefinite quantity of something.

Have you got any money?

I don't like any of these books.

. 'Any' can be used to ask questions.

Do you have any sisters?

. 'Any' can give a negative meaning.

She hasn't got any experience in teaching.


Match the synonyms

Synonyms are words having the same or nearly the same meaning as others. Match the words in column 'A' with the synomys in column 'B'. Check your answers with the key.

 
Column A
1. Abandon
2. Abbreviate
3. Abdomen
4. Abduct
5. Ability
6. Ablaze
7. Able
8. Ablution
9. Abnormal
10. Abolish
11. Abominable
12. Aboriginal
13. Abound
14. Abridge
15. Abroad
16. Abrogate
17. Abrupt
18. Abscond
19. Absolute
20. Absolve
 

Column B
A. Forgive
B. Perfect
C. Bolt
D. Sudden
E. Repeal
F. Overseas
G. Condense
H. Teem
I. Primitive
J. Detestable
K. Cancel
L. Unusual
M. Cleansing
N. Capable
O. Aglow
P. Skill
Q. Kidnap
R. Belly
S. Shorten
T. Relinquish

 

Key -------1. T, 2. S, 3. R, 4. Q, 5. P, 6. O, 7. N, 8. M, 9. L, 10. K, 11. J, 12. I, 13. H, 14. G, 15. F, 16. E, 17. D, 18. C, 19. B, 20. A.


Starters:

Uses of the Thesaurus

Most of you are familiar with the dictionary which gives the meaning of words. However, the function of the thesaurus is different. It is not a dictionary. It gives the synonyms (words with similar meaning) and antonyms (words with opposite meaning). In other words, the thesaurus is a treasury of related words.

The thesaurus was first written by Peter Mark Roget (1779-1869), an English physician. As a hobby, he made lists of words and grouped them together. Some of the words he grouped were synonyms and the others were antonyms. Altogether he made a thousand different groups. Each word he knew or could find in the dictionary was classified into one or more categories.

To find the synonym for a word, first look up the word in the alphabetical list. In most cases, you will find what you are looking for immediately under the word.

Most authors, writers and editors keep a copy of Roget's Thesaurus on their tables. Over the years the Thesaurus has gained recognition and prominence like the Oxford English Dictionary.

----

Spelling rules:

Spelling rules will help starters to spell well. If you know them, you will not misspell words.

Rule I: When '-ing' is added to a verb ending with 'e', the 'e' is dropped. Look at the following sentences and learn how 'e' is dropped and 'ing' is added.

We have a young dancing teacher.

Two prisoners escaped by diving into the water.

He was driving the car at 80 kilometres per hour.

The illicit immigrants were hiding in the jungle.

I saw him riding his horse across the fields.

Nancy was skating across the frozen river.

She saw mother waving to her.

Students are removing books from the library.

More later.

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