Journalistic creativity in conflict-hostile backdrops

by Giovana Sanchez

From a media outlet that pays citizens to report from remote areas of Kenya to a portal that uses humour as its main strategy to inform Russians, journalism faces different challenges in different cultural and social contexts. Creativity, however, seems to be a common skill that media entrepreneurs shared in addressing their problems at the International Symposium on Online Journalism (ISOJ) this April.

Chaired by Maria Teresa Ronderos, Director of the Independent Journalism Program at the Open Society Foundations, the panel "Global roundup: Creative solutions for online journalism challenges around the world" focused on six online journalism initiatives ongoing in different regions the globe.

From Belarus, Andrei Dynko brought his experience of working in a "very unfriendly environment," within a dictatorship and with few monetary possibilities. The editor of Nasha Niva said about dealing with censorship in Belarus, a daily trial of sorts.

Dynko believes that building a strong relationship with his audience is very important for the success of 'Nasha Niva.' Also, in a harsh environment, "you should prioritize software, technical challenges."

No restraints

Different from Belarus, Kenya does not restrain freedom of speech, and it is from that reality that Enock Nyariki presented his experience as editor of HiviSasa.com, a Kenyan online platform that pays citizens for reporting.

Launched in 2014 with a focus on local news, HiviSasa offers basic journalistic training for future writers. Nyariki admitted his operation is unable to check the veracity of all the stories, but they do pull a story if it has been deemed inaccurate. However, according to Nyariki, the number of fake stories is very low.

"We do not offer much money, but if you look what people are writing about, it's all about issues that really matter for them."

Another context presented at the panel came from Kelly G. Niknejad, Editor-in-Chief of the independent news organization Tehran Bureau, relating her experience on reporting about Iran from a virtual bureau based in Boston.

"Non-Iranians do not have access to Iran. And, when they do, the access is very superficial," she said.

The digital revolution, Niknejad said, permitted the Bureau to cover Iran from afar, using sources from within the country, and this is a good strategy to deal with state censorship.

From El Salvador, Carlos Salamanca brought his experience as the business and administration manager of 'El Faro,' an investigative journalism initiative that manages to survive financially thanks to its readers' help.

Salamanca told the story of El Faro's successful crowd-funding campaign: "Most of our income comes from grants, 70 percent to 75 percent, and that makes us very dependent. So we found out that the involvement of the audience is very important for independent media."

Reporting from Sudan, foreign correspondent Trevor Snapp showed how he and his team at Nuba Reports are trying to overcome the difficulties of reporting in war zones by investing in video reporting and making partnerships.

"We invested in video for two reasons. One, because it's powerful, specially emotionally, and also because with minimal training people on the ground can start gathering core news that can be edited by professional journalists."

Snapp also said that Nuba Reports travels to remote communities in Sudan to offer what they call 'mobile cinemas' as a way to keep citizens informed. The last experience concerned Russia. Galina Timchenko runs 'Meduza,' a news portal based in Latvia that uses humor (like games and quizzes) and explanatory journalism to overcome the lack of access to quality news in Russia.

"There is a lot of social apathy in Russia. Nobody wants to take part, nobody wants to put emotion on this news topics," Timchenko said. "And we do special games based in real news." One of the games (an app) plays on President Vladimir Putin's habit of arriving late for appointments.

Asked about how 'Meduza' manages to survive in a state-controlled media environment, Timchenko basically shrugged her shoulders.

"Every day can be the last day. But we try not to think about that."

Knight Center for Journalism

Giovana Sanchez is a graduate research assistant at the Knight Center for Journalism in the Americas at the University of Austin.